Determining the influence of the underlying surface on the propagation of an electromagnetic wave of the UHF and SHF bands plays a crucial role in the design of the radio communications, radar, television and mobile stations. In the work a new method for determining the influence of the earth surface has been considered taking into account the reflection from the earth surface, scattering and absorption of radio waves in the earth atmosphere. The reflection coefficient, the propagation factor of the radio wave, the potential of the radio communication and location station have been calculated. It has been shown that to ensure the smallest influence of the reflecting surface on the propagation distance of radio waves, it is necessary to arrange the parts of the radio communication (location) system at the Brewster angle, since the modulus of the reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic wave from the surface is minimal. It has been determined that the strong irregularity of the underlying surface also minimizes its effect on the potential characteristics of the devices being developed. It has been explained that this is due to the defocusing of the reflected electromagnetic wave and a decrease in its amplitude at the receiving end of the system. The results obtained are of interest for optimization of the parameters of the developed radio communication and location systems, as well as during the laying of the radio communication route.
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